Conversion of ris files to pdf file format. It looks like that ris to pdf conversion is mostly needed by users that would like to print Research Information Systems citations to PDF format, mainly for the purposes of printing. Considering.ris files are essentially special ASCII text files, you can open, view or print them using any text editors.
| Filename extension | |
|---|---|
| Internet media type | application/x-research-info-systems |
| Type of format | Bibliography |
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RIS is a standardized tag format developed by Research Information Systems, Incorporated (the format name refers to the company) to enable citation programs to exchange data.[1] It is supported by a number of reference managers. Many digital libraries, like IEEE Xplore, Scopus, the ACM Portal, Scopemed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Rayyan, Accordance Bible Software,[2] and online library catalogs can export citations in this format. Citation management applications such as BibDesk, RefWorks, Zotero, Citavi, Papers, Mendeley, and EndNote can export and import citations in this format.
Format[edit]
The RIS file format—two letters, two spaces and a hyphen—is a tagged format for expressing bibliographic citations. According to the specifications,[3][4][5] the lines must end with the ASCIIcarriage return and line feed characters. Note that this is the convention on Microsoft Windows, while in other contemporary operating systems, particularly Unix, the end of line is typically marked by line feed only.
Multiple citation records can be present in a single RIS file. A record ends with an 'end record' tag ER - with no additional blank lines between records.
Example record[edit]
This is an example of how the article 'Claude E. Shannon. A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27:379–423, July 1948' would be expressed in the RIS file format:
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- Associate the RIS file extension with the correct application. Windows Mac Linux iPhone Android., right-click on any RIS file and then click 'Open with' 'Choose another app'. Now select another program and check the box 'Always use this app to open.ris files'. Update your software that should actually open Bibliographic Reference File.
Example multi-record format[edit]
This is an example of how two citation records would be expressed in a single RIS file. Note the first record ends with ER - and the second record begins with TY - JOUR:
Tags[edit]
There are two major versions of the RIS specification.[4][5] The second version, introduced near the end of 2011 has different lists of tags for each type of record, sometimes with different meanings.[5] Below is an excerpt of the main RIS tags, from both versions. Except for TY - and ER -, order of tags is free and their inclusion is optional.
| Tag | Meaning |
|---|---|
| TY | Type of reference (must be the first tag) |
| A1 | Primary Authors (each author on its own line preceded by the A1 tag) |
| A2 | Secondary Authors (each author on its own line preceded by the A2 tag) |
| A3 | Tertiary Authors (each author on its own line preceded by the A3 tag) |
| A4 | Subsidiary Authors (each author on its own line preceded by the A4 tag) |
| AB | Abstract |
| AD | Author Address |
| AN | Accession Number |
| AU | Author (each author on its own line preceded by the AU tag) |
| AV | Location in Archives |
| BT | This field maps to T2 for all reference types except for Whole Book and Unpublished Work references. It can contain alphanumeric characters. There is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| C1 | Custom 1 |
| C2 | Custom 2 |
| C3 | Custom 3 |
| C4 | Custom 4 |
| C5 | Custom 5 |
| C6 | Custom 6 |
| C7 | Custom 7 |
| C8 | Custom 8 |
| CA | Caption |
| CN | Call Number |
| CP | This field can contain alphanumeric characters. There is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| CT | Title of unpublished reference |
| CY | Place Published |
| DA | Date |
| DB | Name of Database |
| DO | DOI |
| DP | Database Provider |
| ED | Editor |
| EP | End Page |
| ET | Edition |
| ID | Reference ID |
| IS | Issue number |
| J1 | Periodical name: user abbreviation 1. This is an alphanumeric field of up to 255 characters. |
| J2 | Alternate Title (this field is used for the abbreviated title of a book or journal name, the latter mapped to T2) |
| JA | Periodical name: standard abbreviation. This is the periodical in which the article was (or is to be, in the case of in-press references) published. This is an alphanumeric field of up to 255 characters. |
| JF | Journal/Periodical name: full format. This is an alphanumeric field of up to 255 characters. |
| JO | Journal/Periodical name: full format. This is an alphanumeric field of up to 255 characters. |
| KW | Keywords (keywords should be entered each on its own line preceded by the tag) |
| L1 | Link to PDF. There is no practical limit to the length of this field. URL addresses can be entered individually, one per tag or multiple addresses can be entered on one line using a semi-colon as a separator. |
| L2 | Link to Full-text. There is no practical limit to the length of this field. URL addresses can be entered individually, one per tag or multiple addresses can be entered on one line using a semi-colon as a separator. |
| L3 | Related Records. There is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| L4 | Image(s). There is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| LA | Language |
| LB | Label |
| LK | Website Link |
| M1 | Number |
| M2 | Miscellaneous 2. This is an alphanumeric field and there is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| M3 | Type of Work |
| N1 | Notes |
| N2 | Abstract. This is a free text field and can contain alphanumeric characters. There is no practical length limit to this field. |
| NV | Number of Volumes |
| OP | Original Publication |
| PB | Publisher |
| PP | Publishing Place |
| PY | Publication year (YYYY) |
| RI | Reviewed Item |
| RN | Research Notes |
| RP | Reprint Edition |
| SE | Section |
| SN | ISBN/ISSN |
| SP | Start Page |
| ST | Short Title |
| T1 | Primary Title |
| T2 | Secondary Title (journal title, if applicable) |
| T3 | Tertiary Title |
| TA | Translated Author |
| TI | Title |
| TT | Translated Title |
| U1 | User definable 1. This is an alphanumeric field and there is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| U2 | User definable 2. This is an alphanumeric field and there is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| U3 | User definable 3. This is an alphanumeric field and there is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| U4 | User definable 4. This is an alphanumeric field and there is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| U5 | User definable 5. This is an alphanumeric field and there is no practical limit to the length of this field. |
| UR | URL |
| VL | Volume number |
| VO | Published Standard number |
| Y1 | Primary Date |
| Y2 | Access Date |
| ER | End of Reference (must be empty and the last tag) |
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Type of reference[edit]
Ris Extension Reader Mac
The type of reference preceded by the TY - tag may abbreviated:
| Abbreviation | Type |
|---|---|
| ABST | Abstract |
| ADVS | Audiovisual material |
| AGGR | Aggregated Database |
| ANCIENT | Ancient Text |
| ART | Art Work |
| BILL | Bill |
| BLOG | Blog |
| BOOK | Whole book |
| CASE | Case |
| CHAP | Book chapter |
| CHART | Chart |
| CLSWK | Classical Work |
| COMP | Computer program |
| CONF | Conference proceeding |
| CPAPER | Conference paper |
| CTLG | Catalog |
| DATA | Data file |
| DBASE | Online Database |
| DICT | Dictionary |
| EBOOK | Electronic Book |
| ECHAP | Electronic Book Section |
| EDBOOK | Edited Book |
| EJOUR | Electronic Article |
| WEB | Web Page |
| ENCYC | Encyclopedia |
| EQUA | Equation |
| FIGURE | Figure |
| GEN | Generic |
| GOVDOC | Government Document |
| GRANT | Grant |
| HEAR | Hearing |
| ICOMM | Internet Communication |
| INPR | In Press |
| JFULL | Journal (full) |
| JOUR | Journal |
| LEGAL | Legal Rule or Regulation |
| MANSCPT | Manuscript |
| MAP | Map |
| MGZN | Magazine article |
| MPCT | Motion picture |
| MULTI | Online Multimedia |
| MUSIC | Music score |
| NEWS | Newspaper |
| PAMP | Pamphlet |
| PAT | Patent |
| PCOMM | Personal communication |
| RPRT | Report |
| SER | Serial publication |
| SLIDE | Slide |
| SOUND | Sound recording |
| STAND | Standard |
| STAT | Statute |
| THES | Thesis/Dissertation |
| UNBILL | Unenacted Bill |
| UNPB | Unpublished work |
| VIDEO | Video recording |
See also[edit]
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- BIBFRAME—bibliographic framework, an emerging standard to replace MARC
- Bibliographic record—general concept
- BibTeX—a text-based data format used by LaTeX
- EndNote—a text-based data scheme used by the EndNote program
- MARC—machine-readable cataloging standards
- refer—an aging text-based data scheme supported on UNIX-like systems
References[edit]
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- ^The origin of the name RIS was obtained via email from Henry Johnson, a Customer Technical Representative at Scientific Thomson Reuters. Research Information Systems was owned by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). RIS, the creators of Reference Manager which had also previously bought ProCite from Personal Bibliographic Software Inc, merged with Niles software, the creators of EndNote. The result of the merger was the creation of ISI ResearchSoft, a subsidiary of Thomson Reuters, which produces Reference Manager, EndNote and ProCite. Email date 7/3/08.
- ^https://www.accordancebible.com/New-Features-112
- ^'RIS File Format'. ResearcherID.com. Thomson Reuters. 2012. Archived from the original on 2017-07-07.
- ^ ab'RIS Format Specifications'. Reference Manager. The Thomson Corporation. 2001-02-14. Archived from the original on 2011-09-30.
- ^ abc'RIS Format Specifications'. Reference Manager. The Thomson Corporation. 2011-10-06. Archived from the original on 2012-05-26.